Mental dysfunction in any part of the brain can have far reaching effect in the lives of people. Any change in the mind can lead to the brain functioning improperly. This leads to many mental disorders such as mental retardation and other psychological problems. Retardation as people know it imparts abilities such as language, academic, verbal, health, and even physical skills. There are different types of mental retardation which can be seen in children who are just born to old people.
Down Syndrome is well known because of the numerous movies made on this mental disorder. Down’s Syndrome is a genetic disorder where people have more than the normal 46 chromosomes. They usually have one extra chromosome that rises problems in the development of the brain. This is also referred as Mongolism since many bodily features such as the bone structure of the brain, flat nose, thick eyelids, large ears, short neck and many other features.
Autism is another quite known mental disorder. It can be said that Autism is more famous than Down Syndrome. This mental disorder causes people to have diminished social interactive abilities. The sense of reality is destroyed in people with this problem and the surroundings are taken differently than it is. The verbal skills are also not as widely developed as other skills. People are afraid to have eye contact with others. One advantage seen in patients with autism is the increased mathematical and other skills which are beyond the ones seen in normal humans.
Dyslexia is quite common and also very difficult to identify. People with dyslexia have problem in writing, reading and arithmetic skills. Dyslexia is the complete opposite of Autism. There is no permanent cure for autism and dyslexia. Children with dyslexia need not be treated as retarded since their skills can be developed with a little assistance.